Make JSON serialization easier

Related tags

JSONpythonjsonpython3
Overview

jsonlab

GitHub PyPI PyPI - Format PyPI - Python Version PyPI - Implementation PyPI - Downloads

介绍

众所周知,python内置的json不提供将json字符串序列化成json字符串(__dict__可序列化一层字典,不能递归) ,也不提供将json字符串反向序列化成类对象的功能,为了解决这个痛点,再多方寻找无果后,决心自己开发提供该功能的库,现已开发完毕,在此公布于大众,以造福全人类。

安装

pip3 install jsonlab

使用场景

该库适用于对自定义类型的json序列化和json反序列化,比如我们在网络通信时定义了自己的模型,我们便可通过该库来将自定义类型实例序列化成json字符串发送,或者将接收到得json字符串反序列化成类实例。

注意

由于json序列化和反序列化时我们需要知道对象的类型,然而python语言的弱类型特征不能直观的获取属性类型,所以在使用这个库时有个约定:

1. 自定义的类型必须实现 __init__ 方法,且 __init__ 方法中必须包含所有要序列化反序列化的属性,并且,这些属性必须作为形参出现在 __init__ 方法的形参列表中,并且需要有对应的类型注解

2. 序列化/反序列化时是以 __init__ 函数中形参名作为key值,所以为了防止不必要的bug,请保持形参名和属性名一致

例1:

下面的Person类是一个典型的满足需求的定义

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name: str, age: int):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age


# or

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name: str = "kainhuck", age: int = 18):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

例2:

下面的Person类中hobby属性将不会被序列化或反序列化

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name: str, age: int, hobby):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.hobby = hobby


# or

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name: str, age: int):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.hobby = ""

例3:

下面例子演示了继承类的写法

class B(object):
    def __init__(self, b_name: str):
        self.b_name = b_name


class A(B):
    def __init__(self, a_name: str, b_name: str):
        super().__init__(b_name)
        self.a_name = a_name

例4:

下面的例子演示了属性是其他类型的情况

class B(object):
    def __init__(self, b_name: str):
        self.b_name = b_name


class A(object):
    def __init__(self, a_name: str, b: B):
        self.a_name = a_name
        self.b = b

例5:

下面的例子演示了列表的使用, 需要注意的是:

  1. 如果一个类的属性是个列表,则可以使用 list 或者 [子类型]

  2. 如果采用第二种写法,目前只支持一种类型,也就len([子类型]) == 1

  3. 子类型支持一下几种情况

    子类型名 描述
    str 内置类型 -- 字符串
    int 内置类型 -- 整数
    float 内置类型 -- 浮点数
    bool 内置类型 -- 布尔
    list 内置类型 -- 普通列表(内部不可为自定义类型)
    dict 内置类型 -- 普通字典(内部不可为自定义类型)
    object 表示支持任意类型(但是不支持自定义类型) [object] == list
    自定义类型 自定义类型,目前只支持一个,也就是说一个list内部只有一种自定义类型
    [子类型] 嵌套list
    {key类型:子类型} 嵌套字典
class A:
    def __init__(self, values: [str]):
        self.values = values


# or 

class B:
    def __init__(self, b_name: str):
        self.b_name = b_name


class A:
    def __init__(self, values: [B]):
        self.values = values


# or

class A:
    def __init__(self, values: [[str]]):
        self.values = values


# or

class A:
    def __init__(self, values: [{str: object}]):
        self.values = values

例6:

下面的例子演示了字典的使用,需要注意的是:

  1. 如果一个类的属性是个字典,则可以使用 dict 或者 {key类型:value类型}

  2. 如果采用第二种写法,目前只支持一种类型,也就len({key类型:value类型}) == 1

  3. key类型支持如下

    1. str
    2. int
    3. float
    4. bool
  4. value类型支持如下

    类型名 描述
    str 内置类型 -- 字符串
    int 内置类型 -- 整数
    float 内置类型 -- 浮点数
    bool 内置类型 -- 布尔
    list 内置类型 -- 普通列表(内部不可为自定义类型)
    dict 内置类型 -- 普通字典(内部不可为自定义类型)
    object 表示支持任意类型(但是不支持自定义类型) [object] == list
    自定义类型 自定义类型,目前只支持一个,也就是说一个list内部只有一种自定义类型
    [子类型] 嵌套list
    {key类型:子类型} 嵌套字典
class A:
    def __init__(self, values: {str: str}):
        self.values = values


# or 

class B:
    def __init__(self, b_name: str):
        self.b_name = b_name


class A:
    def __init__(self, values: {str: B}):
        self.values = values


# or

class A:
    def __init__(self, values: {str: [str]}):
        self.values = values


# or

class A:
    def __init__(self, values: {str: {str: object}}):
        self.values = values

Usage

接口

  • marshal(obj) -> str

    传递一个类实例,返回一个序列化后的json字符串

  • marshal_to_dict(obj) -> dict

    传递一个类实例,返回一个字典对象

  • unmarshal(json_, type_: type)

    第一个参数可以是: json字符串,bytes类型的json字符串,字典对象

    第二个参数是自定义类型

    返回自定义类型的实例

demo

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