Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining

Related tags

Deep LearningCLIP
Overview

CLIP

[Blog] [Paper] [Model Card] [Colab]

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training) is a neural network trained on a variety of (image, text) pairs. It can be instructed in natural language to predict the most relevant text snippet, given an image, without directly optimizing for the task, similarly to the zero-shot capabilities of GPT-2 and 3. We found CLIP matches the performance of the original ResNet50 on ImageNet “zero-shot” without using any of the original 1.28M labeled examples, overcoming several major challenges in computer vision.

Approach

CLIP

Usage

First, install PyTorch 1.7.1 and torchvision, as well as small additional dependencies, and then install this repo as a Python package. On a CUDA GPU machine, the following will do the trick:

$ conda install --yes -c pytorch pytorch=1.7.1 torchvision cudatoolkit=11.0
$ pip install ftfy regex tqdm
$ pip install git+https://github.com/openai/CLIP.git

Replace cudatoolkit=11.0 above with the appropriate CUDA version on your machine or cpuonly when installing on a machine without a GPU.

import torch
import clip
from PIL import Image

device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
model, preprocess = clip.load("ViT-B/32", device=device)

image = preprocess(Image.open("CLIP.png")).unsqueeze(0).to(device)
text = clip.tokenize(["a diagram", "a dog", "a cat"]).to(device)

with torch.no_grad():
    image_features = model.encode_image(image)
    text_features = model.encode_text(text)
    
    logits_per_image, logits_per_text = model(image, text)
    probs = logits_per_image.softmax(dim=-1).cpu().numpy()

print("Label probs:", probs)  # prints: [[0.9927937  0.00421068 0.00299572]]

API

The CLIP module clip provides the following methods:

clip.available_models()

Returns the names of the available CLIP models.

clip.load(name, device=..., jit=False)

Returns the model and the TorchVision transform needed by the model, specified by the model name returned by clip.available_models(). It will download the model as necessary. The name argument can also be a path to a local checkpoint.

The device to run the model can be optionally specified, and the default is to use the first CUDA device if there is any, otherwise the CPU. When jit is False, a non-JIT version of the model will be loaded.

clip.tokenize(text: Union[str, List[str]], context_length=77)

Returns a LongTensor containing tokenized sequences of given text input(s). This can be used as the input to the model


The model returned by clip.load() supports the following methods:

model.encode_image(image: Tensor)

Given a batch of images, returns the image features encoded by the vision portion of the CLIP model.

model.encode_text(text: Tensor)

Given a batch of text tokens, returns the text features encoded by the language portion of the CLIP model.

model(image: Tensor, text: Tensor)

Given a batch of images and a batch of text tokens, returns two Tensors, containing the logit scores corresponding to each image and text input. The values are cosine similarities between the corresponding image and text features, times 100.

More Examples

Zero-Shot Prediction

The code below performs zero-shot prediction using CLIP, as shown in Appendix B in the paper. This example takes an image from the CIFAR-100 dataset, and predicts the most likely labels among the 100 textual labels from the dataset.

import os
import clip
import torch
from torchvision.datasets import CIFAR100

# Load the model
device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
model, preprocess = clip.load('ViT-B/32', device)

# Download the dataset
cifar100 = CIFAR100(root=os.path.expanduser("~/.cache"), download=True, train=False)

# Prepare the inputs
image, class_id = cifar100[3637]
image_input = preprocess(image).unsqueeze(0).to(device)
text_inputs = torch.cat([clip.tokenize(f"a photo of a {c}") for c in cifar100.classes]).to(device)

# Calculate features
with torch.no_grad():
    image_features = model.encode_image(image_input)
    text_features = model.encode_text(text_inputs)

# Pick the top 5 most similar labels for the image
image_features /= image_features.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
text_features /= text_features.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
similarity = (100.0 * image_features @ text_features.T).softmax(dim=-1)
values, indices = similarity[0].topk(5)

# Print the result
print("\nTop predictions:\n")
for value, index in zip(values, indices):
    print(f"{cifar100.classes[index]:>16s}: {100 * value.item():.2f}%")

The output will look like the following (the exact numbers may be slightly different depending on the compute device):

Top predictions:

           snake: 65.31%
          turtle: 12.29%
    sweet_pepper: 3.83%
          lizard: 1.88%
       crocodile: 1.75%

Note that this example uses the encode_image() and encode_text() methods that return the encoded features of given inputs.

Linear-probe evaluation

The example below uses scikit-learn to perform logistic regression on image features.

import os
import clip
import torch

import numpy as np
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
from torchvision.datasets import CIFAR100
from tqdm import tqdm

# Load the model
device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
model, preprocess = clip.load('ViT-B/32', device)

# Load the dataset
root = os.path.expanduser("~/.cache")
train = CIFAR100(root, download=True, train=True, transform=preprocess)
test = CIFAR100(root, download=True, train=False, transform=preprocess)


def get_features(dataset):
    all_features = []
    all_labels = []
    
    with torch.no_grad():
        for images, labels in tqdm(DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=100)):
            features = model.encode_image(images.to(device))

            all_features.append(features)
            all_labels.append(labels)

    return torch.cat(all_features).cpu().numpy(), torch.cat(all_labels).cpu().numpy()

# Calculate the image features
train_features, train_labels = get_features(train)
test_features, test_labels = get_features(test)

# Perform logistic regression
classifier = LogisticRegression(random_state=0, C=0.316, max_iter=1000, verbose=1)
classifier.fit(train_features, train_labels)

# Evaluate using the logistic regression classifier
predictions = classifier.predict(test_features)
accuracy = np.mean((test_labels == predictions).astype(np.float)) * 100.
print(f"Accuracy = {accuracy:.3f}")

Note that the C value should be determined via a hyperparameter sweep using a validation split.

Owner
OpenAI
OpenAI
A High-Performance Distributed Library for Large-Scale Bundle Adjustment

MegBA: A High-Performance and Distributed Library for Large-Scale Bundle Adjustment This repo contains an official implementation of MegBA. MegBA is a

旷视研究院 3D 组 336 Dec 27, 2022
ONNX Runtime Web demo is an interactive demo portal showing real use cases running ONNX Runtime Web in VueJS.

ONNX Runtime Web demo is an interactive demo portal showing real use cases running ONNX Runtime Web in VueJS. It currently supports four examples for you to quickly experience the power of ONNX Runti

Microsoft 58 Dec 18, 2022
"MST++: Multi-stage Spectral-wise Transformer for Efficient Spectral Reconstruction" (CVPRW 2022) & (Winner of NTIRE 2022 Challenge on Spectral Reconstruction from RGB)

MST++: Multi-stage Spectral-wise Transformer for Efficient Spectral Reconstruction (CVPRW 2022) Yuanhao Cai, Jing Lin, Zudi Lin, Haoqian Wang, Yulun Z

Yuanhao Cai 274 Jan 05, 2023
Simple Text-Generator with OpenAI gpt-2 Pytorch Implementation

GPT2-Pytorch with Text-Generator Better Language Models and Their Implications Our model, called GPT-2 (a successor to GPT), was trained simply to pre

Tae-Hwan Jung 775 Jan 08, 2023
To SMOTE, or not to SMOTE?

To SMOTE, or not to SMOTE? This package includes the code required to repeat the experiments in the paper and to analyze the results. To SMOTE, or not

Amazon Web Services 1 Jan 03, 2022
FairMOT - A simple baseline for one-shot multi-object tracking

FairMOT - A simple baseline for one-shot multi-object tracking

Yifu Zhang 3.6k Jan 08, 2023
A Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Architecture for Image Segmentation

Segnet is deep fully convolutional neural network architecture for semantic pixel-wise segmentation. This is implementation of http://arxiv.org/pdf/15

Pradyumna Reddy Chinthala 190 Dec 15, 2022
Reducing Information Bottleneck for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (NeurIPS 2021)

Reducing Information Bottleneck for Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (NeurIPS 2021) The implementation of Reducing Infromation Bottleneck for W

Jungbeom Lee 81 Dec 16, 2022
FaceQgen: Semi-Supervised Deep Learning for Face Image Quality Assessment

FaceQgen FaceQgen: Semi-Supervised Deep Learning for Face Image Quality Assessment This repository is based on the paper: "FaceQgen: Semi-Supervised D

Javier Hernandez-Ortega 3 Aug 04, 2022
Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Multiple Object Tracking, CVPR 2021 (Oral)

Quasi-Dense Tracking This is the offical implementation of paper Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Multiple Object Tracking. We present a trailer th

ETH VIS Research Group 327 Dec 27, 2022
Official code for "Distributed Deep Learning in Open Collaborations" (NeurIPS 2021)

Distributed Deep Learning in Open Collaborations This repository contains the code for the NeurIPS 2021 paper "Distributed Deep Learning in Open Colla

Yandex Research 96 Sep 15, 2022
Official Repsoitory for "Mish: A Self Regularized Non-Monotonic Neural Activation Function" [BMVC 2020]

Mish: Self Regularized Non-Monotonic Activation Function BMVC 2020 (Official Paper) Notes: (Click to expand) A considerably faster version based on CU

Xa9aX ツ 1.2k Dec 29, 2022
Using modified BiSeNet for face parsing in PyTorch

face-parsing.PyTorch Contents Training Demo References Training Prepare training data: -- download CelebAMask-HQ dataset -- change file path in the pr

zll 1.6k Jan 08, 2023
Refactoring dalle-pytorch and taming-transformers for TPU VM

Text-to-Image Translation (DALL-E) for TPU in Pytorch Refactoring Taming Transformers and DALLE-pytorch for TPU VM with Pytorch Lightning Requirements

Kim, Taehoon 61 Nov 07, 2022
KaziText is a tool for modelling common human errors.

KaziText KaziText is a tool for modelling common human errors. It estimates probabilities of individual error types (so called aspects) from grammatic

ÚFAL 3 Nov 24, 2022
MPLP: Metapath-Based Label Propagation for Heterogenous Graphs

MPLP: Metapath-Based Label Propagation for Heterogenous Graphs Results on MAG240M Here, we demonstrate the following performance on the MAG240M datase

Qiuying Peng 10 Jun 28, 2022
SEOVER: Sentence-level Emotion Orientation Vector based Conversation Emotion Recognition Model

SEOVER-Master This code is the implementation of paper: SEOVER: Sentence-level Emotion Orientation Vector based Conversation Emotion Recognition Model

4 Feb 24, 2022
🏅 The Most Comprehensive List of Kaggle Solutions and Ideas 🏅

🏅 Collection of Kaggle Solutions and Ideas 🏅

Farid Rashidi 2.3k Jan 08, 2023
SPRING is a seq2seq model for Text-to-AMR and AMR-to-Text (AAAI2021).

SPRING This is the repo for SPRING (Symmetric ParsIng aNd Generation), a novel approach to semantic parsing and generation, presented at AAAI 2021. Wi

Sapienza NLP group 98 Dec 21, 2022
Learning based AI for playing multi-round Koi-Koi hanafuda card games. Have fun.

Koi-Koi AI Learning based AI for playing multi-round Koi-Koi hanafuda card games. Platform Python PyTorch PySimpleGUI (for the interface playing vs AI

Sanghai Guan 10 Nov 20, 2022