Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining

Related tags

Deep LearningCLIP
Overview

CLIP

[Blog] [Paper] [Model Card] [Colab]

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training) is a neural network trained on a variety of (image, text) pairs. It can be instructed in natural language to predict the most relevant text snippet, given an image, without directly optimizing for the task, similarly to the zero-shot capabilities of GPT-2 and 3. We found CLIP matches the performance of the original ResNet50 on ImageNet “zero-shot” without using any of the original 1.28M labeled examples, overcoming several major challenges in computer vision.

Approach

CLIP

Usage

First, install PyTorch 1.7.1 and torchvision, as well as small additional dependencies, and then install this repo as a Python package. On a CUDA GPU machine, the following will do the trick:

$ conda install --yes -c pytorch pytorch=1.7.1 torchvision cudatoolkit=11.0
$ pip install ftfy regex tqdm
$ pip install git+https://github.com/openai/CLIP.git

Replace cudatoolkit=11.0 above with the appropriate CUDA version on your machine or cpuonly when installing on a machine without a GPU.

import torch
import clip
from PIL import Image

device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
model, preprocess = clip.load("ViT-B/32", device=device)

image = preprocess(Image.open("CLIP.png")).unsqueeze(0).to(device)
text = clip.tokenize(["a diagram", "a dog", "a cat"]).to(device)

with torch.no_grad():
    image_features = model.encode_image(image)
    text_features = model.encode_text(text)
    
    logits_per_image, logits_per_text = model(image, text)
    probs = logits_per_image.softmax(dim=-1).cpu().numpy()

print("Label probs:", probs)  # prints: [[0.9927937  0.00421068 0.00299572]]

API

The CLIP module clip provides the following methods:

clip.available_models()

Returns the names of the available CLIP models.

clip.load(name, device=..., jit=False)

Returns the model and the TorchVision transform needed by the model, specified by the model name returned by clip.available_models(). It will download the model as necessary. The name argument can also be a path to a local checkpoint.

The device to run the model can be optionally specified, and the default is to use the first CUDA device if there is any, otherwise the CPU. When jit is False, a non-JIT version of the model will be loaded.

clip.tokenize(text: Union[str, List[str]], context_length=77)

Returns a LongTensor containing tokenized sequences of given text input(s). This can be used as the input to the model


The model returned by clip.load() supports the following methods:

model.encode_image(image: Tensor)

Given a batch of images, returns the image features encoded by the vision portion of the CLIP model.

model.encode_text(text: Tensor)

Given a batch of text tokens, returns the text features encoded by the language portion of the CLIP model.

model(image: Tensor, text: Tensor)

Given a batch of images and a batch of text tokens, returns two Tensors, containing the logit scores corresponding to each image and text input. The values are cosine similarities between the corresponding image and text features, times 100.

More Examples

Zero-Shot Prediction

The code below performs zero-shot prediction using CLIP, as shown in Appendix B in the paper. This example takes an image from the CIFAR-100 dataset, and predicts the most likely labels among the 100 textual labels from the dataset.

import os
import clip
import torch
from torchvision.datasets import CIFAR100

# Load the model
device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
model, preprocess = clip.load('ViT-B/32', device)

# Download the dataset
cifar100 = CIFAR100(root=os.path.expanduser("~/.cache"), download=True, train=False)

# Prepare the inputs
image, class_id = cifar100[3637]
image_input = preprocess(image).unsqueeze(0).to(device)
text_inputs = torch.cat([clip.tokenize(f"a photo of a {c}") for c in cifar100.classes]).to(device)

# Calculate features
with torch.no_grad():
    image_features = model.encode_image(image_input)
    text_features = model.encode_text(text_inputs)

# Pick the top 5 most similar labels for the image
image_features /= image_features.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
text_features /= text_features.norm(dim=-1, keepdim=True)
similarity = (100.0 * image_features @ text_features.T).softmax(dim=-1)
values, indices = similarity[0].topk(5)

# Print the result
print("\nTop predictions:\n")
for value, index in zip(values, indices):
    print(f"{cifar100.classes[index]:>16s}: {100 * value.item():.2f}%")

The output will look like the following (the exact numbers may be slightly different depending on the compute device):

Top predictions:

           snake: 65.31%
          turtle: 12.29%
    sweet_pepper: 3.83%
          lizard: 1.88%
       crocodile: 1.75%

Note that this example uses the encode_image() and encode_text() methods that return the encoded features of given inputs.

Linear-probe evaluation

The example below uses scikit-learn to perform logistic regression on image features.

import os
import clip
import torch

import numpy as np
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
from torchvision.datasets import CIFAR100
from tqdm import tqdm

# Load the model
device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
model, preprocess = clip.load('ViT-B/32', device)

# Load the dataset
root = os.path.expanduser("~/.cache")
train = CIFAR100(root, download=True, train=True, transform=preprocess)
test = CIFAR100(root, download=True, train=False, transform=preprocess)


def get_features(dataset):
    all_features = []
    all_labels = []
    
    with torch.no_grad():
        for images, labels in tqdm(DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=100)):
            features = model.encode_image(images.to(device))

            all_features.append(features)
            all_labels.append(labels)

    return torch.cat(all_features).cpu().numpy(), torch.cat(all_labels).cpu().numpy()

# Calculate the image features
train_features, train_labels = get_features(train)
test_features, test_labels = get_features(test)

# Perform logistic regression
classifier = LogisticRegression(random_state=0, C=0.316, max_iter=1000, verbose=1)
classifier.fit(train_features, train_labels)

# Evaluate using the logistic regression classifier
predictions = classifier.predict(test_features)
accuracy = np.mean((test_labels == predictions).astype(np.float)) * 100.
print(f"Accuracy = {accuracy:.3f}")

Note that the C value should be determined via a hyperparameter sweep using a validation split.

Owner
OpenAI
OpenAI
MIMO-UNet - Official Pytorch Implementation

MIMO-UNet - Official Pytorch Implementation This repository provides the official PyTorch implementation of the following paper: Rethinking Coarse-to-

Sungjin Cho 248 Jan 02, 2023
Replication Code for "Self-Supervised Bug Detection and Repair" NeurIPS 2021

Self-Supervised Bug Detection and Repair This is the reference code to replicate the research in Self-Supervised Bug Detection and Repair in NeurIPS 2

Microsoft 85 Dec 24, 2022
MMDetection3D is an open source object detection toolbox based on PyTorch

MMDetection3D is an open source object detection toolbox based on PyTorch, towards the next-generation platform for general 3D detection. It is a part of the OpenMMLab project developed by MMLab.

OpenMMLab 3.2k Jan 05, 2023
This repository contains code from the paper "TTS-GAN: A Transformer-based Time-Series Generative Adversarial Network"

TTS-GAN: A Transformer-based Time-Series Generative Adversarial Network This repository contains code from the paper "TTS-GAN: A Transformer-based Tim

Intelligent Multimodal Computing and Sensing Laboratory (IMICS Lab) - Texas State University 108 Dec 29, 2022
Flappy bird automation using Neuroevolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) in Python

FlappyAI Flappy bird automation using Neuroevolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) in Python Everything Used Genetic Algorithm especially NEAT conce

Eryawan Presma Y. 2 Mar 24, 2022
Deeply Supervised, Layer-wise Prediction-aware (DSLP) Transformer for Non-autoregressive Neural Machine Translation

Non-Autoregressive Translation with Layer-Wise Prediction and Deep Supervision Training Efficiency We show the training efficiency of our DSLP model b

Chenyang Huang 36 Oct 31, 2022
A Comprehensive Empirical Study of Vision-Language Pre-trained Model for Supervised Cross-Modal Retrieval

CLIP4CMR A Comprehensive Empirical Study of Vision-Language Pre-trained Model for Supervised Cross-Modal Retrieval The original data and pre-calculate

24 Dec 26, 2022
A generalist algorithm for cell and nucleus segmentation.

Cellpose | A generalist algorithm for cell and nucleus segmentation. Cellpose was written by Carsen Stringer and Marius Pachitariu. To learn about Cel

MouseLand 733 Dec 29, 2022
An efficient and easy-to-use deep learning model compression framework

TinyNeuralNetwork 简体中文 TinyNeuralNetwork is an efficient and easy-to-use deep learning model compression framework, which contains features like neura

Alibaba 441 Dec 25, 2022
PaddlePaddle GAN library, including lots of interesting applications like First-Order motion transfer, wav2lip, picture repair, image editing, photo2cartoon, image style transfer, and so on.

English | 简体中文 PaddleGAN PaddleGAN provides developers with high-performance implementation of classic and SOTA Generative Adversarial Networks, and s

6.4k Jan 09, 2023
Detectorch - detectron for PyTorch

Detectorch - detectron for PyTorch (Disclaimer: this is work in progress and does not feature all the functionalities of detectron. Currently only inf

Ignacio Rocco 558 Dec 23, 2022
Graduation Project

Gesture-Detection-and-Depth-Estimation This is my graduation project. (1) In this project, I use the YOLOv3 object detection model to detect gesture i

ChaosAT 1 Nov 23, 2021
Material for my PyConDE & PyData Berlin 2022 Talk "5 Steps to Speed Up Your Data-Analysis on a Single Core"

5 Steps to Speed Up Your Data-Analysis on a Single Core Material for my talk at the PyConDE & PyData Berlin 2022 Description Your data analysis pipeli

Jonathan Striebel 9 Dec 12, 2022
PyTorch Code for NeurIPS 2021 paper Anti-Backdoor Learning: Training Clean Models on Poisoned Data.

Anti-Backdoor Learning PyTorch Code for NeurIPS 2021 paper Anti-Backdoor Learning: Training Clean Models on Poisoned Data. The Anti-Backdoor Learning

Yige-Li 51 Dec 07, 2022
Orthogonal Over-Parameterized Training

The inductive bias of a neural network is largely determined by the architecture and the training algorithm. To achieve good generalization, how to effectively train a neural network is of great impo

Weiyang Liu 11 Apr 18, 2022
Implementation of gMLP, an all-MLP replacement for Transformers, in Pytorch

Implementation of gMLP, an all-MLP replacement for Transformers, in Pytorch

Phil Wang 383 Jan 02, 2023
PyTorch Connectomics: segmentation toolbox for EM connectomics

Introduction The field of connectomics aims to reconstruct the wiring diagram of the brain by mapping the neural connections at the level of individua

Zudi Lin 132 Dec 26, 2022
We are More than Our JOints: Predicting How 3D Bodies Move

We are More than Our JOints: Predicting How 3D Bodies Move Citation This repo contains the official implementation of our paper MOJO: @inproceedings{Z

72 Oct 20, 2022
Official Repository for our ECCV2020 paper: Imbalanced Continual Learning with Partitioning Reservoir Sampling

Imbalanced Continual Learning with Partioning Reservoir Sampling This repository contains the official PyTorch implementation and the dataset for our

Chris Dongjoo Kim 40 Sep 18, 2022